THE STATUS AND AFFINITIES OF 
D U V A LI OPS IS JEANNEL (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) 1 
By Thomas C. Barr, Jr. 
Department of Zoology, University of Kentucky 
The genus Duvaliopsis was established by Jeannel (1928) for a 
small group of endogenous, anophthalmous trechines from the Car- 
pathian Mountains and the Transylvanian Alps of Romania, Czecho- 
slovakia, and Poland. Although earlier authors had classified them 
with Anophthalmus Sturm, Trechus Clairville, or Duvalius Delarou- 
zee (formerly considered a subgenus of Trechus ), Jeannel (1928) 
clearly demonstrated their morphological similarity to Trechoblemus 
Ganglbauer and to North American cavernicole trechines of the genera 
Pseudanophthalmus and Neaphaenops. Trechoblemus, Duvaliopsis , 
P seudanophthalmus , and N eaphaenops were placed in a “serie phyle- 
tique de Trechoblemus Jf , united by the common possession of certain 
characters : (1) the mentum is fused to the prementum ; (2) the re- 
current portion of the apical groove of the elytron is usually connected 
to or directed toward the 3rd longitudinal stria; (3) the copulatory 
sclerites (of which there are one or two) are placed laterally (aniso- 
topic), rather than ventrally (isotopic), in the internal sac; and (4) 
the anterior tibiae are pubescent on the outer side. 
Subsequent to 1928, additional genera in North America and Japan 
have been described which should probably be allied with this series 
(Valentine 1952, Yoshida and Namura 1952, Ueno 1956 and 1958, 
Barr i960). 
In the eastern United States, the largest and most widely distributed 
genus of cave beetles is P seudanophthalmus , species of which are now 
known from Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, Ohio, 
Virginia, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania. Although found only in 
caves up to the present time, a few Virginia species have rudimentary 
eyespots, suggesting comparative recency of adopting a wholly sub- 
terranean mode of life. The absence of epigean trechines from North 
America which seem to share a relatively recent ancestry with Pseu- 
danophthalmus and other cave genera has provoked considerable specu- 
lation on the history and evolution of the group. Trechoides fasciatus 
Motschulsky, from the Oligocene Baltic amber, could belong either to 
Lasiotreckus or Trechoble?nus (Jeannel, 1928). This fossil demon- 
] This investigation was supported in part by a grant from the National 
Science Foundation, no. G-18765. 
Manuscript received by the editor February 25, 1964. 
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