1964] 
Kukalovd — Calvertiellidae 
167 
and seems to lead into the base of Ri, at least in the fore wing, 
where it is more convex. It continues posteriorly, seeming to cross 
M, and finally joins the angle of CuA, which is directed anteriorly. 
This cuticular arch is herein designated the transverse bridge (tb) 
and its posterior portion, the connecting vein (cv). It is highly 
probable that this whole structure functioned in much the same 
way as the arculus complex in the Odonata. Very different veins 
are involved in the Odonata, which lack MP and CuA. 
The presence of the several radiating cross veins near the origin 
of R4+5 is another notable feature of Moravia convergens. As 
can be seen in text-figure 4B, one group of three veins (asv) 
runs from Rs to Ri, and the second group (psv) from Rs to MA 
just below the last group; the cross veins between MA and MP 
are much closer together than are the others. This structure also 
looks much like a supporting or strengthening device and recalls to 
mind the subnodal complex of the Odonata, although the locations 
of the two sets of structures are very different. 
The enlarged anal area of the hind wing of M. convergens , as 
well as the triangular shape of the wing, also recalls the Odonata 
and, indeed, makes it difficult to realize that this insect, possessing 
all main veins including MP and CuA, was a palaeodictyopteron, 
not an odonate. Moreover, the similarities of the Calvertiellidae to 
the Eugereonidae make it nearly certain that the Calvertiellidae 
were haustellate, with a long and highly specialized beak. 
References Cited 
Carpenter, F. M. 
1943. Studies on Carboniferous Insects from Commentry, France. Part 
1. Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. 54:527-554. 
1954. Classification of Insects, in: Brues, Melander, Carpenter. Mus. 
Comp. Zool. 108:777-826. 
1960. Studies on North American Carboniferous Insects. 1. The Proto- 
donata. Psyche, 67(4): 98-110. 
1964. Studies on Carboniferous Insects of Commentry, France. Part 4. 
The genus Dictyopt.lus (Palaeodictyoptera) . Psyche, 7l(2):104- 
116. 
Text-figure 4. Details of venational structures in Calvertiellidae: 
A. Oblique cuticular thickening (ct) in Calvertiella permiana Till. 
B. Arched “transverse bridge” (tb), anterior supporting cross veins 
(asv) and posterior supporting cross veins (psv) in Moravia convergens 
n.sp. (fore wing). 
C. Arched “transverse bridge”, composed of cuticular thickening (ct) 
and convex connecting vein (cv) in Moravia convergens n.sp. (hind wing). 
Lettering as in text-fig. 1. S — broken edge of wing. 
