302 
Psyche 
[December 
is actually a composite of dorsal and ventral surfaces, each of which 
is included to some extent on each counterpart. The obverse half 
seems to have the normal dorsal structures more distinctly preserved 
than the reverse; it probably represents a view of the inner surface 
of the dorsal wall, with some of the ventral structures more weakly 
imprinted. The following is a detailed account of the fossil. 
Text-figure 1. Mischoptera nigra Brongniart, Upper Carboniferous of 
France. Drawing of fore wing, based on specimen in Laboratoire de 
Paleontologie, Paris. 
Wing Pads: These are the most obvious and remarkable struc- 
tures of the nymph. As shown in the figures, they join the thorax 
at nearly right angles to the body before being directed obliquely 
backwards. In none of the existing orders of insects do the nymphal 
wing pads develop laterally; even in the living paleopterous orders, 
Ephemeroptera and Odonata., the wings develop as posteriorly project- 
ing pads. The position of the pads in Lameereites would undoubtedly 
have been the same as in Mischoptera , had the thorax been preserved, 
and the wing pads of the nymphs in the Herdina and Piecko collec- 
tions, discussed below, are similarly developed. Examination of the 
wing pads under alcohol shows clearly the wing itself within the 
outer, cuticular case. The venation of the fore and hind wing buds 
is shown in Plate 25, figs. 4 and 5. 3 The two pairs are surprisingly 
alike; the hind wing seems to have a somewhat broader basal attach- 
ment than the fore. Both pairs of wings have a faint vein or series 
of veinlets at the base, just below the costal margin; similar structures 
occur in the wings of some Megasecoptera, as well as in many 
Palaeodictyoptera. Rs arises just before mid-wing and gives rise to 
three terminal branches in all four wings; MA approaches closely 
to Rs just beyond the latter’s origin but does not actually come into 
contact with it; MP diverges from MA just before the origin of Rs 
and is unbranched in all of the four wings; Cu forks somewhat 
3 This is not tracheation. The veins are preserved as dark lines, showing 
convex or concave positions. 
