74 
Psyche 
[March 
stabilize the nomenclature by preserving this usage through a neo- 
type designation. This removes the possibility that a specimen of 
Chermock’s appalachia might eventually be selected as neotype of 
eurydice , leaving the familiar “northern” insect’s name in question. 
The only Philadelphia specimens of eurydice auct. with full data 
which we have found were collected by one of us (Shapiro). Several 
of these were placed in the United States National Museum two 
years ago, and we desiginate one such specimen the neotype of 
Papilio eurydice Johansson. 
Neotype . — A male deposited in the U.S. National Museum bearing 
the manuscript label “eurydice c? /Morris Arboretum/Phila. Co. 
Pa./29 June 1967/A. M. Shapiro” (fig. 1). We have added a label 
identifying the specimen as the neotype of Papilio eurydice Johansson. 
The U.S.N.M. also contains a second specimen with the same locality 
and collection date. 
Taxonomic History: the Euptychia names. — The taxonomy of 
L. eurydice is complicated by confusion with Yphthimoides ( — 
Euptychia) argulus (Godart). This problem was not noted by dos 
Passos, and is reviewed here. 
Fabricius (1775) reworked the description of canthus, adding 
“immaculatis” to the upperside diagnosis and altering various details. 
The “immaculatis” may have been by inference from the lack of 
reference to spots in the earlier descriptions, but it seems more likely 
that Fabricius was working from some other insect he confused 
with the Linnean one. In 1779 Cramer described and figured a 
species from Surinam as Papilio argante. This name is a junior 
homonym of Papilio argante Fabricius 1775 (now Phoebis argante , 
Pieridae). Fabricius synonymized argante Cramer to canthus 
(Fabricius, 1781), improperly emending it to arganthe in synonymy. 
( Arganthe is not available as a replacement name because it was 
proposed in synonymy.) He repeated this usage in 1787 and 1793. 
His own descriptions of “canthus” do not fit Cramer’s figure well. 
Godart (1821) recognized that three species were included in the 
Fabrician concept “ canthus ” and attempted to end the confusion 
by redescribing the true canthus (translating Linnaeus), and naming 
two new entities, argulus and cantheus. Godart’s argulus is a re- 
placement name for the preoccupied argante and is the oldest valid 
name for this taxon. Cantheus is a renaming of the entity Fabricius 
first thought was canthus, theretofore without a valid name. The 
identity of this animal cannot be determined if, as appears, Fabrician 
specimens of “ canthus ” do not exist. 
