1970] 
Carde, Shapiro, Clench — Lethe 
91 
fresh, and fade to an even dark reddish brown. Their spot-sizes are 
normal and they lack the fumosa tendencies to “high angledness” 
of the forewing and blind and rimless ocelli above. A specimen of 
this dark form of nominate eurydice is probably represented by 
Edwards’ figure 5 (1897, pi. 26). 
Specimens of the three taxa are shown in figs. 1-12. 
Male Genitalia. — Chermock (1947) and dos Passos (1969) re- 
ported no genitalic differences between L. e. eurydice and L. appala- 
chia. However, we have found that they do differ slightly but 
significantly. The tegumen of appalachia is flattened dorsally, while 
that of eurydice (both subspecies) is rounded. The valves of appar 
lachia are shorter and narrower dorso-ventrally, and from the side 
appear less quadrilateral than those of the eurydice subspecies. The 
male genitalia of L. e. eurydice and L. e. fumosa are substantially 
similar, but differ from each other and from appalachia in the 
density and arrangement of setae on the valves. See Table 1 and 
figs. 13-18. 
Female Genitalia. — There seem to be no useful characters here. 
Some minor differences in the sclerotization of the genital plate were 
found among all three taxa. 
Early Stages. — The larvae of L. e. eurydice and L. appalachia horn 
central New York differ consistently in the maculation and tubercles 
of the head capsule. In L. e. eurydice the red side stripes become 
darker below the bases of the horns, extending to the ocelli. The 
darker part of the stripe consists of small, heavily pigmented, regu- 
larly arranged tubercles on a less heavily pigmented ground. In L. 
appalachia the stripe does not extend below the horn, and its lower 
end contains several large, pale, irregularly placed tubercles which 
contrast with the red ground (figs. 19, 20). 
The early stages of L. e. fumosa are completely unknown. 
Biological differences 
Developmental Rate. — Larvae of L. e. eurydice and L. appalachia 
from McLean, N.Y. reared ex ovo at 24°C on late summer photo- 
periods showed developmental differences. Eurydice larvae invariably 
entered diapause in the third or fourth instar. Appalachia larvae 
usually developed without diapause, the entire life cycle requiring 
about 60 days. Lethe appalachia is at least double-brooded in its 
southern range; apparently it has the potential to breed continuously 
