282 
Psyche 
[September 
Eriophora Simon 
Eriophora Simon, 1863, Histoire Naturelle des Araignees, ed. 1, p. 261. 
New subgenus of Epeira (=Araneus) . The type of Eriophora is Epeira 
ravilla C. L. Koch as designated by F. P.-Cambridge, 1903, Biologia 
Centrali-Americana, Araneidea, vol. 2, p. 461. The gender is feminine. 
All Eriophora species differ from Araneus by having a paramedian 
apophysis in the palpus (PM in Figs. 2, 4). 
The female has the second leg almost the same length as the first 
(Fig. ib) ; the third is always shortest. The median eyes are 
separated by about their diameter or less. The clypeus width is less 
than the diameter of the anterior median eyes. The abdomen shape 
varies from bluntly pointed anteriorly, acutely pointed posteriorly, 
and widest in the anterior third, to almost spherical (Fig. 32). 
The posterior of the abdomen is generally high above the spinnerets 
(Figs. 22-24). There are often posterior or dorsal tubercles on the 
abdomen: In E. ravilla there is one posterior to another; in E. edax 
(Figs. 42-44) there is always one distinct tubercle and often more. 
The venter has a median black patch (Figs. 16, 31). 
The lateral eyes of males are on a short stalk, the medians on a 
projection. The small chelicerae are long, attenuated and concave 
anteriorly, providing space for the large palps. The first coxae of 
males have a hook on the distal margin (absent in E. nephiloides) . 
The second tibiae are modified, most so in E. ravilla (Fig. 8), 
only swollen in E. nephiloides. The fourth coxae have a row of 
transverse macrosetae in E. edax (Fig. 48) and thin setae in E. 
nephiloides (Fig. 58). An unusual character is the presence of two 
strong macrosetae on the fourth trochanter of males (Figs. 7, 48) 
(except in E. nephiloides, which has only some weak setae). 
Juvenile specimens of Eustala and Eriophora are often confused. 
Genitalia. The epigynum is very small in E. nephiloides ; in most 
other species it has a relatively long scape. The scape is attached 
to the anterior of the base and bends backward; in Verrucosa and 
in species previously considered to belong to Parawixia, it is attached 
ventrally. In E. ravilla and E. fuliginea the scape breaks off, prob- 
ably in mating, and about half the females of these two species in 
collections lack the scape. It does not break off in the other two 
species, though E. edax may very rarely have the tip of the scape 
broken off. The base of the epigynum contains the seminal receptacles 
(SR in Figs. 5, 6). The shape of the seminal receptacles 
probably differs in different species, as reflected by the proportions 
of the base; this possibility was not pursued because the base is so 
