236 
Psyche 
[September-December 
either died or were away for some reason (perhaps on a raid) when 
their nest was collected. Finally, we made one quite peculiar ob- 
servation. We found a dealate Harpagoxenus queen crawling 
around on the outside of an acorn which contained 3 Harpagox- 
enus workers, several longispinosus slaves, and a brood. After col- 
lecting the queen and the “colony” together in a vial, the Harpa- 
goxenus queen was heavily mutilated by the Harpagoxenus work- 
ers, thus indicating that the queen and the workers did not belong 
together. Dissection revealed that the queen was an inseminated, 
egg-laying individual and that all 3 of the workers in the nest were 
completely sterile. In all probability this collection represents a 
newly founded Harpagoxenus colony that had been raided by 
workers of another Harpagoxenus colony. 
2. Dissections 
Dealate queens: The only dealate females from 8 colonies and 
both dealate females from a single colony which contained 2 such 
individuals were dissected. All 10 females had 6 ovarioles and a 
spermatheca. One of the females from the two-queen colony had 
short ovarioles that contained no developing eggs, and an empty 
spermatheca. However, the other 9 individuals were functional 
colony queens, individuals with receptacula filled with sperm and 
ovarioles which were about their total body length and which con- 
tained eggs in different stages of growth and corpora lutea. 
Intermorphs: In 6 different colonies (2 queenright colonies and 
4 “branch colonies”), we found a total of 6 individuals that were 
morphologically intermediate between worker and full queens and 
which could thus be regarded as intermorphs. These individuals 
had more or less well developed ocelli on their heads and several 
distinct sclerites on the alitrunk. Workers lack these structures. 
All of these intermorphs except one had 6 short, empty ovarioles 
like those of a virgin queen. None of them had a spermatheca. One 
individual had ovarioles which were about as long as the gaster and 
which contained developing oocytes and corpora lutea. These data 
indicate that H. americanus intermorphs have a reproductive func- 
tion which cannot be distinguished from that of ordinary workers. 
Although they cannot be inseminated, they do sometimes become 
egg-layers. 
Workers: We dissected a total of 91 workers, 28 from 8 queen- 
right colonies and 63 from 22 “branch colonies” which contained 
