110 
Psyche 
[December 
millimeters on the side was daubed with an acetone ex- 
tract of Pogonomyrmex hadius worker corpses and placed, 
in company with five untreated control squares, inside the 
foraging arena five centimeters from the nest entrance. 
In three separate trials, the treated squares were picked 
up within five minutes by the first workers to encounter 
them and transported directly to the refuse piles. In their 
reaction to the treated squares and in their locomotory 
patterns during transport, the workers appeared to behave 
in the same fashion as toward worker corpses. No immedi- 
ate reaction to the control squares was noted, and they 
were not moved significantly from their original positions 
during the first several hours. In only one case was a con- 
trol square transported in the direction of the refuse piles 
during the course of the first twenty-four hours. 
A similar response was also evoked by objects other 
than paper squares. Seeds, for example, which ordinarily 
would be ignored or carried into the nest for storage, when 
daubed with the extract were carried to the refuse pile. 
The most dramatic example of the potency of this extract 
as a releaser occurred on three occasions when the objects 
chosen for experiment were live workers. Despite the fact 
that these ants were moving around under their own power 
and providing socially significant stimuli, they were treated 
by their sisters as corpses. However, unlike authentic 
corpses they would allow themselves to be carried to the 
refuse pile only to rise again and return to the nest! The 
cycle was observed to occur repeatedly during periods of 
one to two hours. During transport, the workers folded 
their appendages in the ‘‘pupal” posture usually taken by 
normal workers being carried to nest sites. 
An attempt was next made to determine whether the 
chemical releasers could be removed from worker bodies 
by leaching so as to modify the response of living workers 
to the bodies. Three worker corpses were placed in bottles 
containing 50 cc. of acetone for periods of one to three 
weeks, then thoroughly dried and presented in succession 
to living workers in the manner described above. The 
behavior toward these treated bodies was markedly dif- 
ferent from that shown toward untreated corpses. Instead 
