210 
Psyche 
[March 
MONI TORS 
Fig. 1. Block schematic diagram of the equipment connected for line- 
by-line synchronization of a video field with a simultaneous full sweep of 
the cathode ray gun of the oscilloscope. The CRO is laid on its side so 
that the horizontal sweep passes from top to bottom of the superimposed 
field in VTR 2 (see text, sect. 8, Analysis). For ordinary horizontal sweep, 
the CRO is in normal position and the external trigger on the vertical sync 
is disconnected. 
It seems strange that, with the exception of publications from our 
laboratory (Steinberg & Conant, 1974; Steinberg & Willey, 1974), 
we have found only a few studies of insect behavior which have 
involved the analysis of video-taped sounds and motion (Loher & 
Chandrashekaran, 1970, 1972; Hoeg-Guldberg, 1972). Moreover, 
even these studies have neglected to capitalize on the audio-recording 
and electronic potential of the video-tape system. We have devised a 
simple method to superimpose the oscillographic trace of the sound 
already recorded on any pre-existing video-tape on a duplicate record- 
ing. Extensions of this method to synchronous oscillography trans- 
duced from any mode will make video monitoring of insect behavior 
amenable to more versatile and precise analysis. 
Method 
A sequence was video-recorded with the following sound-related 
