70 
Psyche 
[June 
Mayr, Ernst. 
1940. Speeiation Phenomena in Birds. Amer. Naturalist, 74:249-278. 
Rawson, George W. and J. Benjamin Ziegler. 
1950. A new species of Mitoura Scudder from the Pine Barrens of 
New Jersey. Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 58:69-82. 
Scudder, Samuel Hubbard. 
1889. The Butterflies of the Eastern United States and Canada, 1: 
766 pp. Cambridge, Mass. 
Thorpe, W. H. 
1928. Biological Races in Hyponomeuta padella L. Journ. Linn. Soc. 
(Zool.) , 36: 621-634. 
Heteroponera Mayr Reinstated (Hymenoptera : For- 
micidae) . — Heteroponera Mayr (1887, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. 
Wien, 37: 533) has remained suppressed as a synonym of 
Acanthoponera Mayr for many years. Wheeler (1923, loc. 
cit.) has shown, however that Acanthoponera can be split 
into two groups; one group (Acanthoponera s. str.) having 
the tarsal claws with an extra, strong tooth and a basal lobe 
(or tooth), while the second group ( Anacanthoponera 
Wheeler) has the tarsal claws at most with a single, weak 
median tooth. In this second group, Wheeler included 
Heteroponera carinifrons Mayr, and since Heteroponera , 
with the genotype H. carinifrons , has precedence, it must be 
reinstated as a good genus. Anacanthoponera Wheeler 
(1923, Psyche, 30: 176, as a subgenus of Acanthoponera) is 
a new synonym of Heteroponera, since the genotype, Ponera 
dolo Roger, is congeneric with H. carinifrons. 
Acanthoponera is neotropical, and has well developed pro- 
podeal teeth and the petiolar apex produced as a long tooth 
or spine; Kusnezov (in litt.) finds A. mucronata to have 6, 4 
palpal segmentation. Heteroponera is neotropical and Aus- 
tralasian, and the propodeal teeth and dentiform petiolar 
apex are absent or feebly developed ; H. imbellis Emery has 
3, 3 palpal segmentation (my dissection). Until more spe- 
cies can be critically examined, Acanthoponera and Hetero- 
ponera should be considered as distinct genera. Acantho- 
ponera appears to be the most generalized living member 
of the Ectatommini, and is probably close to the stem from 
which the proceratiines, the myrmicines and Paraponera 
arose. — W. L. Brown, Jr., Museum of Comparative Zool- 
ogy, Harvard University. 
