10 
Psyche 
[March 
To summarize, the antennae of all Antilliscaris are longer than 
substriatus. The apical segments are broad in danforthi , elongate in 
megacephalus, with mutchleri and substriatus intermediate. 
In substriatus , 28% of the antennae extends beyond the mandible. 
When burrowing the antennae are held agaist the head wall causing 
the apical segments to curve in a broad U. In megacephalus 50% 
of the antennae extends beyond the mandible. If this species burrows 
the antennae would be doubled over while the animal is working. 
Short antennae are characteristic of the many diverse taxa of burrow- 
ing Coleoptera which have independently evolved a pedunculate body 
form. The long antennae of Antilliscaris and particularly megace- 
phalus strongly suggests that these beetles do not burrow. 
Captive substriatus and subterraneus and many geophilious carabids 
apparently do not react visually to prey; olfactory and/or tactile 
reactions have been observed upon physical contact. While patrolling 
a burrow system, the antennae of subterraneus are held parallel to 
the long axis; the maximum sweep width is limited by the diameter 
of the burrow. On the surface, they are held approximately 45 0 
from the long axis. If only short range olfactory and tactile stimuli 
are used to recognize prey, then finding it will be a function of the 
distance travelled and the width of the band through which the 
sensory equipment move. On the surface, long antennae are clearly 
adaptive in increasing the width of the search band, and may par- 
tially explain the condition in Antilliscaris. 
There is a gap in the setation and microsculpture of the first 4 
segments as contrasted to segments 5-1 1 in all subgenera except An- 
tilliscaris and Typhloscaris from the mountains of E. Africa. In 
most subgenera, segments 1-4 have few or no setae and are circular 
in cross section, while segments 5-1 1 are flattened laterally and have 
a dense covering of setae and rough microsculpture except for a 
glabrous, asetose median stripe. Segment 4 of Antilliscaris is inter- 
mediate in shape between segments 3 and 5 and has the surface 
organization of the apical segments. 
The surface of the apical segments is divided into two distinct 
structural and, probably, functional areas. As seen in lateral view, 
a pair of setose bands with rough microsculpture extend along the 
dorsum and venter of the apical segments; they are united near the 
distal end of the nth segment (Figs. 8, 9, 12). Between the setose 
bands is an asetose median band with smooth microsculpture. Mem- 
bers of the genus Scarites differ widely in the distribution of these 
two surface types; in S. (Antilliscaris) the median band is 25-30% 
of the width, but 55% in substriatus. 
