1969] 
Brown and Kempf — A canthognathus 
99 
vorkommen,” Furthermore, in brevicornis the antennal scapes do 
not reach the posterior margin of the head at any point, whereas 
according to Mayr the scapes “uberragt sehr wenig die Hinterecken 
des Kopfes . . . in his ocellatus type. It seemed unlikely that 
brevicornis and ocellatus were synonymous. 
Of the forms represented among the A canthognathus samples 
known at the present time, there is one that agrees reasonably well 
with Mayr’s description of ocellatus . This is the form reported 
under this name by Mann (1916) from what it now Belem, at the 
mouth of the Amazon. This same species is now known also from 
Trinidad, Panama and Costa Rica (see below), and we believe 
that it ranges southward from the Amazon in Brasil, but that in 
this area it is probably even rarer and more local than it is north- 
ward. In particular, it does not occur at the same south Brasilian 
localities as the apparently much more common A. rudis, which 
inhabits only subtropical wet forests on the plateaus and mountain 
ranges that take up much of the region. Mayr’s Santa Catarina ants 
were sent him by the collector Hetschko, whose base was the hot 
lowland town of Blumenau. Thus, it seems to us likely that the 
main reason this species — the real ocellatus — has not been col- 
lected again in 80 years is simply that no one has collected for crypto- 
biotic ants in the Bluemenau area or in other suitable hot lowland 
localities along the south Brasilian coast. 
To the above reasoning, we can now add that the type of A. 
ocellatus has finally been located. It resides, probably ever since its 
loan to Carlo Emery, in the Museo Civico di Storia, Naturale 
“Giacomo Doria” in Genoa. Dott. Delfa Guiglia, First Conservator 
of that institution, has kindly sent us information on the critical 
characters of the single worker specimen; this will have to serve 
in place of its loan for our standard measurement and examination. 
According to Dott. Guiglia’s first letter, dated 8 December 1968, 
the presumed type bears the label, tf A canthognathus ocellatus Mayr 
— St. Catharina.” It is not labeled as type, but like us, Dott. 
Guiglia believes that it “is certainly the type.” Her characterization, 
very slightly paraphrased : Dorsum of the head with large, shallowly 
impressed, well defined punctures, about 0.03 mm in diameter and 
papillate in the middle. Narrow spaces between these punctures 
smooth and rather shining, without any trace of reticulation. An- 
terior third of head with shallow longitudinal furrow in the middle.” 
The first measurements sent were mostly only taken to the nearest 
tenth of a millimeter, and therefore lack sufficient precision for our 
