458 
Psyche 
[December 
Rs with 6 branches, the first of them with a small simple fork; 
MA curved as in other Lycocercidae; MPi sending off 4 branches 
posteriorly, MP2 another four branches anteriorly. CuP with four 
simple branches, the fifth being forked several times. Cross veins 
tending to form rows in rs area. 
Apopappus guernei is similar in the MP area to Lycocercus pictus 
but the forking of the last branch of CuP resembles the Lycocercus 
goldenbergi, specimen 21-2. The cross venation is slightly more simple 
and more regular than in pictus. 
Family Graphiptilidae Handlirsch 
Graphiptilidae Handlirsch, 1906: 99; Handlirsch, 1921: 136. 
Rhabdoptilidae Handlirsch, 1919: 15. 
Type genus: Graphiptilus Brongniart, 1893. 
The family Graphiptilidae was erected on Graphiptilus but in- 
cluded Apopappus Handlirsch and Spiloptilus Handlirsch. The fam- 
ily, having been based upon an incomplete description and on a mis- 
interpretation of the type specimens of Graphiptilus , represents a 
heterogeneous group, as treated by Handlirsch. The genus Apopappus 
belongs, in all probability, to the Lycocercidae; and Spiloptilus , having 
MA and CuA branched, has already been referred to the Spilapteridae 
(Kukalova, 1969). The structure of Graphiptilus , on the other hand, 
certainly justifies reference of the genus to a separate family. 
Graphiptilus is known so far only from the hind wing, which is 
markedly and broadly triangular in form. The principal characters 
of its venation are the very small rs area, simple MA and CuA, and 
the numerous weak cross veins. Within the Palaeodictyoptera only 
the genus Rhabdoptil.us and representatives of the family Breyeriidae 
show similar venational features. 
The relationship of Graphiptilus to Rhabdoptilus, though not pre- 
viously mentioned, is obvious from the similarity not only of the 
venation and cross venation but even of the color pattern, which 
seems to be a more significant feature for the Graphiptilidae and 
Breyeriidae than for other families of the order Palaeodictyoptera. 
As noted by Professor Carpenter (1967, p. 61) the small circular 
spots on the wings of Breyeriidae are actually cuticular thickenings 
on the membrane. The well preserved Commentry material of 
Breyeria shows long hairs, probably macrotrichia, in clusters at these 
spots; similar structures may well have been present on the wings 
of the Graphiptilidae. 
