208 
Psyche 
[September 
minute hairs on anterior surface. Mandibles with teeth stouter and 
blunter; lateral outline less curved; denticles on anterior surface 
more numerous. Maxillary apex less constricted and with spinules 
longer and covering a greater portion of the surface. Labium with 
more numerous spinules. (Material studied: 9 larvae from Brazil, 
courtesy of Dr. K. Lenko.) 
Genus Tetraponera F. Smith 
Tetraponera natalensis F. Smith (Fig. 3). Length (through spira- 
cles) about 8.2 mm; straight length about 6.2 mm. Similar to T. 
aitkeni (1956: 388) except as follows. Body slightly stouter at AV 
and AVI. Integument of AIX and AX with minute spinules. Body 
hairs: (1) 0.008-0.075 mm long; (2) 0.025-0.15 mm long, longest 
with tip branched or denticulate; (3) 0.175-0.3 mm long, 4 in a 
row across the dorsum of each T1-3 and AI-AVI. Each antenna 
represented by 3 individually raised sensilla on a small base. Head 
hairs longer (0.013-0.11 mm long) and less numerous, with or 
without alveolus and articular membrane, some with denticles near 
the tip. Labrum with breadth less than twice length ; borders sinu- 
ate; anterior surface with 6 sensilla and 2 hairs on each half; pos- 
terior surface with 9 sensilla on each half; spinules as in T. aitkeni. 
Anteromedial surface of mandibles with large spinules, which are 
isolated or in short rows of 2 or 3. Maxillae with rather numerous 
long spinules in short arcuate rows; palp represented by a cluster of 
5 sensilla on a slight elevation. (Material studied: numerous larvae 
from South Africa., courtesy of Dr. W. L. Brown.) 
Genus Pachysima Emery 
Pachysima latifrons Emery: Bernard ( 1 95 1 : 1054-1057) de- 
scribed and figured the young (after W. M. Wheeler). 
Genus V iticicola Wheeler 
Viticicola tessmanni (Stitz) : Bernard (1951: 1054) described 
and figured the larva (after W. M. Wheeler). 
Subfamily Myrmicinae 
Ettershank (1966: 161, 162): “The larvae of the Formicidae 
have not been used to any extent in taxonomic studies, although 
numerous descriptions and figures of scattered genera and species 
occur in the literature. The only wide-scale comparative larval study 
