358 
Psyche 
[December 
Fig. 1. Latitudinal gradients in species richness for the New World 
Fapilionidae (Modified from Slansky, 1972) 
were simplified considerably. As explained in the discussion, it was 
not desired to use degree of morphological correlation with feeding 
specialization as an index of niche breadth. 
Because larvae generally remain upon the host plant throughout 
most of their existence, the food-plant is especially likely to be the 
key factor in the niche of most butterfly species since, to a large 
extent, it is also the shelter, substrate, or habitat upon which allelo- 
chemical co-evolution (Ehrlich and Raven, 1965; Whittaker and 
Feeny, 1971) of the entire ‘component community’ (Root, 1973) 
takes place. In this sense it is essentially difficult to differentiate 
between ‘niche’ and ‘habitat’ (Whittaker, Levin, and Root, 1973), 
and their term ‘ecotope’ might be more appropriate since it entails 
the inter-community as well as the intra-community variables. 
I have compiled range maps of each of the 538 species of Papil- 
ionidae of the world (Munroe, i960) using the techniques of 
Slansky (1972). I used Goode’s Atlas (Espenshade, i960) and 
locality data recorded in the literature, primarily in Rothschild 
(1895), Rothschild and Jordan (1906), Aurivillus (1908-1910), 
