76 
Psyche 
[June 
Paraicaria, where it is possibly the rule, and Paramasaris, 
where it is variable) or abnormal. In the hind wing the 
anal lobe is well developed as in most other Vespidae 
(except Vespinae), but is a small, circular or oval flap; the 
preaxillary excision is a mere undulation of the hind 
margin. 
The number of segments of the abdomen is the same as 
in the other Diploptera, six in the female and seven in the 
male; but the posterior segments are not or only partly 
retractile within the second. The abdomen is always elon- 
gate and depressed, the venter being often flattened; in 
Celonites it is even slightly concave beneath and sharply 
margined on the sides (as in the Chrysididae) . The first 
segment is, as a rule, broadly truncate and “sessile” (that 
is articulated with the thorax without intervening stalk). 
Some of the South African Ceramioides have the first seg- 
ment somewhat set off from the remainder of the abdomen 
or subpetiolate, and Ceramiopsis has the first segment nar- 
rowed into a short petiole. 
Habits and Life History of the Masaridin je 
As stated above, the highly specialized trophi of most 
Masaridinae are correlated with their peculiar habits. So 
far as known at present, these wasps differ from all other 
subfamilies of Diploptera in being exclusively plant-feeders 
in both the larval and adult stages . 1 The adults are an- 
thophilous in both sexes and the females supply the larvae 
with honey and pollen only. All other Vespidae are at least 
partly predaceous and their larvae feed exclusively or mostly 
upon animal prey. The only possible exception is Nectarina, 
a genus of honey-storing social wasps; but I have been 
unable to find definite observations showing that the larvae 
of these wasps are fed on honey only. Even the Raphiglos- 
sinae store insects for their larvae, although the adults are 
1 Euparagia is not a masarid wasp, but belongs to a distinct subfamily, 
Euparagiinae, as shown by Bradley (1922, Op. cit., p. 379). F. X. 
Williams (1927, Pan-Pacific Entomologist, IV, pp. 38-39) found that it 
is predaceous and stores its cells with curculionid larvae. 
