308 
Psyche 
[December 
fested by mites taken from old galls on the leaves of others. 
Beginning with a single gall the infestation spread over the 
young plant so rapidly that by the time it had grown several 
inches in height the expanding leaves had their surfaces 
entirely covered with the developing pustules. Young plants 
growing from seed in the same pot as the infested cutting 
showed galls on their first foliage leaves but not on the coty- 
ledons. The spread of the infestations can readily be fol- 
lowed upward over the new hosts. Other species of Solana- 
ceous plants, Solarium capsicastrum, Nicotiana Langsdorffii, 
Datura Wrightii, and Capsicum pyramidale were used in 
these experimental infestations without any positive results. 
Eriophyes fraxinivorus americanus var. n. 
Host: Fraxinus americana L. 
In 1885, Karpelles described a mite, E. fraxini, which he 
found abundant in the galls commonly known as “Klunk- 
ern” occurring on ash and described by Low in 1874. These 
galls were found to arise from the deformation of the floral 
parts of Fraxinus excelsior L. and Fraxinus viridis Bose, 
into a monstrous ball-shaped mass covered with an almost 
colorless pubescence and resembling the upper parts of the 
cauliflower. In America there has been some confusion and 
uncertainty concerning the relationship between like masses 
of tissue and the gall mites. Felt (1906) reported fringed, 
lobulated balls of deformed staminate flowers of the white 
ash and considered the mite that he found in them as a new 
species, E. fraxiniflora , without describing it or comparing 
it with that already described by Karpelles from a similar 
gall in Europe. Another gall arising from the deformation 
of the terminal buds of the white ash where development is 
arrested and a mass of small twisted leaf ends replaces the 
normal foliage was first reported by Garman in 1882. Fail- 
ing to find any mites in his specimens he considered it was 
probably a fungoid growth. On the basis of Felt’s assurance 
that mites were found in the masses arising from staminate 
flowers this other foliose mass was also listed as resulting 
from mite parasitism without any search for or study of the 
mites themselves. 
