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Psyche 
[June 
preserved, and the interest of the entomological community 
would be better served than at present. 
Conclusions 
1. A type specimen constitutes a standard by which 
other individuals of the same species may be measured and 
compared, and when so used it contributes accuracy and 
exactness to a field where doubt and confusion have been 
prevalent. 
2. The argument that since early entomological workers 
did not use types, we should not, is not worthy of considera- 
tion by a scientific worker. 
3. The establishment of the identity of species by means 
of type specimens is not opposed to the rules of nomencla- 
ture; on the contrary, the International Commission of 
Zoological Nomenclature has used this means of identifying 
species in rendering Opinion seventy-eight. 
4. The principle that if a type is used to supplement a 
description and the conclusion reached thereby is contra- 
dictory to the description, then the use of the type is an 
abuse, is untenable, and would only lead to more confusion 
and more inaccuracies in taxonomic work. 
5. Type specimens have come to be widely used and ac- 
cepted in taxonomic work, because they add an element of 
certainty and exactness to such work, and not because cer- 
tain taxonomists have a personal interest in maintaining 
the practice. 
6. The use of type specimens has enabled taxonomists to 
achieve results of greater scientific value than the use of 
descriptions alone, and as long as types continue to con- 
tribute such a quality to taxonomic work, just so long will 
they be used, regardless of additional work or expense. 
7. The best guarantee which a taxonomist can secure 
against injustices in the estimation of his work is a prop- 
erly designated holotype for every species described, the 
holotype to be deposited in an institution where all may see. 
