316 
Psyche 
[December 
(Linnaeus) (according to A. Loveridge, 1923, Proc. Zool. 
Soc. London, p. 734), and the dikdik, Rhynchotragus kirkii 
cavendishi (Thomas) (according to Speiser, 1915, Ark. f. 
Zool., IX, No. 13, p. 3). Waterston (1918, Bull. Ent. Res., 
IX, p. 155) mentions having taken it on a mule. Very 
rarely it strays to man, but I have not found any evidence 
that it actually bites human beings. Giglioli’s record of 
“O. chinensis” from a bird ( Turdus obscurus) seems rather 
open to question. Speiser (1905, Zeitschr, Syst. Hym. Dipt., 
V, p. 349), who examined Giglioli’s type, found that his 
0. chinensis was a H. capensis. 
The innumerable races of domestic dogs are certainly 
of polyphyletic origin. C. Keller (1902) traces them to 
at least six wild species of jackals and wolves. The pariah 
dog of Northern Africa and Southern Asia he derives from 
the common jackal of those regions, Canis aureus Linnseus, 
which quite possibly may have been one of the original 
hosts of H. capensis , from which the insect passed onto 
the pariah dog. 
Affinities. — These have been discussed under H. equina. 
3. Hippobosca fulva Austen 
Hippobosca fulva Austen, 1912, Bull. Ent. Res., Ill, p. 417 
[ 2 ; off hartebeest, Alcelaphus lichtensteini (Peters) ; 
Nawalia, Northeastern Rhodesia]. 
H. fulva is known only from the type-locality. To judge 
from Austen’s description, it appears to be closely related 
to H. capensis , with which it agrees in size (wing 5 mm. 
long) and in the pale straw-yellow scutellum. The remain- 
der of the thorax, however, is deep tawny and devoid of 
markings, while the veins of the wing are uniformly ochra- 
ceous. The main structural difference seems to be found 
in the venation : “third longitudinal vein straight and 
much closer to second longitudinal vein and costa than in 
case of H. capensis v. Olfers, so that the submarginal cell 
is conspicuously narrower than in the species mentioned.” 
