8 
Psyche 
[March-June 
recorded from cocoon spinning to pupal maturity for 2 individuals 
were respectively 50-51 and 52 days. As suggested by the data of 
Table 1, some ecological deficiency (perhaps too low a temperature) 
may have been responsible for the premature abandonment of all but 
2 of the cocoons by the nurses, and may have prolonged times to 
eclosion abnormally in those that hatched. 
It was clearly evident that at least 1 adult fertile brood female, 
morphologically indistinguishable from a worker but capable of pro- 
ducing female progeny, had been included in the original wild col- 
lection 
The history of brood production in the second group of workers 
was quite different. Here, despite intensive care, egg production was 
poor, and the brood total low Only 2 cocoons were produced, both 
of male size and form (at about 20.0 mm X 6.0 mm, fairly reliably 
distinguishable by inspection from those of workers). One of these 
was opened artificially, disclosing a nearly mature male pupa. The 
second eclosed naturally, revealing a perfect male. No worker 
brood was produced. It thus appears that a fertilized ergatogyne 
was lacking in the second fraction of the colony 
B. Mating Pattern 
In Dinoponera , as in Streblognathus and Archponera, the males 
are decidedly smaller than the workers (see Figures 1, 2, and 3). 
They are much more lightly pigmented at maturity, and are relatively 
fragile. The compound eyes are large and the ocelli unusually 
prominent, conspicuously reflecting lew incident light. The wings 
are well developed, and adults once emerged from the nest fly 
actively. Within the parent colony, however, they are surprisingly 
inert. At least until full maturity they assume the pupal posture 
when disturbed and are carried by the workers as though they were 
brood, as the authors have frequently observed both under natural 
conditions and in the artificial nest. In the latter situation, males 
are often held in the mandibles of immobile workers as though they 
were brood, even when the colony is slightly stimulated. The males 
may well be night fliers of somewhat restricted range. We have 
not yet witnessed mating flights under natural conditions, nor deter- 
mined the precise mode of formation of new colonies. 
Note on the Ethology of D. grandis 
Ever since Henry Walter Bates (1892) almost eighty years ago 
described columns of D. grandis “marching through jungle thickts” 
the implication has been widely assumed and reiterated that the 
