52 
Psyche 
[March J une 
Figs. 1-3. Medial views of distal region of protibia. 
Fig. 1 . Metrius contractus ; Fig. 2. Carabus nemoralis. 
Fig. 3. Pterostichus lucublandus. 
Fig. 4. Carabus nemoralis mesotibia. medial view. 
Fig. 5. Pterostichus lucublandus , medial view of protibia with a section 
of the antenna in place for grooming. 
spurs (Fig. 7) ; in others only the anterior row is so developed 
(Figs. 9, ii, 13, 21, 23, 25). In many advanced forms both rows 
are either absent or consist of widely spaced setae that may not be 
employed in grooming (Figs. 17, 19, 31). 
One or a few long, thick, sinuous bristles at the proximal end of 
the band serve to guide the antenna to, and clamp it against, the 
setal band during grooming, (Figs. 1, 22 CLS). In a few genera 
( Omophron , Elaphrus) these enlarged setae are straight. Clamp 
setae are probably modified band setae. 
Each group of protibial antenna cleaning setae can be homologized 
with clusters of bristles on a non-compressed meso- or metatibia. 
Tibial setae in the Carabidae can be divided into a number (4-6) 
of vertical rows extending nearly the full length of the tibia and 
into a horizontal ring of setae that run about the circumference of 
