1971] 
Hlavac — A ntenna Cleaner 
59 
the same vertical plane. (Compare medial and posterior views of 
Notnius , Figs. 12, 13, with those of Helluomorphroides , Figs. 16, 
17). The deep antennal channel begins at, and has the same curva- 
ture as, the cleaning arc. It then extends obliquely across the 
medial face and ends slightly above the clip setae (Fig. 3 Ch). 
The anterior row is absent in grade C anisochaetous forms, but 
may be present and be a cleaning element in some ozaenines, e.g., 
Tropopsis (Fig. 27). In a few genera of the lebiine complex the 
posterior spur is lost, e.g., Agra (Figs. 18, 19) ; Taicona, Lebia 
(Habu, 1967, Figs. 17, 18). The tibia, in a few genera, has become 
very setose distally, e.g., Tropopsis (Fig. 27) ; and in some of these, 
the setae are so densely packed that the distal zone of the band is 
not recognizable, e.g., Agra , Platycerozaena (Figs. 19, 31). In 
many anisochaetous forms, a short linear cluster of relatively fine 
setae originates close to and above the insertions of the anterior spur 
and extends posteriorly for a short distance, e.g., Helluomorphroides, 
Pterostichus (Figs. 3, 15, 17 DC) ; (Habu 1967, Figs. 5-29). 
These distal cluster setae are modified ring setae and may play a 
role in grooming the mesotibia. 
Behavior. Antennae cleaning and other aspects of grooming be- 
havior of two carabid species were studied in detail and photo- 
graphed. The grade A antenna cleaner of one species, Scaphinotus 
( Brennus ) stratiopunctatus (Chaudoir) (Cychrini), is similar to 
Figs. 32-34. Antenna cleaning behavior of Scaphinotus (Brennus) stratio- 
punctatus (Chaudoir). See text for details. 
