338 
Psyche 
[December 
The “Transect” (#44a, 54c, 55a) also exhibits this clustering 
phenomenon. In this case, we were able to map the orange-winged 
clusters in 1968 and again in 1969. They were present in the same 
positions both years. We then ran two transects, each 1 mile long, 
through the area (Hill, 1969, unpublished data) to ascertain any 
dispersion from these clusters. None seemed to occur. Uniformly, 
the clusters of orange-winged insects occurred on mounded elevations 
of pasture with Fesluca thurberi providing slightly greater cover than 
in the areas more densely populated with yellow-winged individuals. 
These results indicated three possible causes : 1 ) the orange-winged 
phenotype has some pleimorphic preference for denser habitat, 2) there 
is a low vagility of individuals during the entire life span and they 
seldom wander far from the original hatching point, or 3) the pheno- 
types have reached some level of behavioral or ecological separation. 
We currently are investigating the clustering patterns of these pop- 
ulations. 
It is clear that the only invasion route for yellow-winged pheno- 
types is from southern Curecanti Canyon and from the slopes of the 
South Rim of the mesa via the major gulches. All other avenues 
are blocked by the forest. We should emphasize the habitat type, the 
size, and the elevation of the northernmost denies on the mesa. Num- 
ber 45b is a tiny deme of 8 to 20 individuals which survives around 
an old sawdust pile — all that remains of a lumber mill. A few 
more individuals can be found in an adjacent burned-over and logged 
area, but this area is primarily an early sere characterized by broad- 
leaved plants, brambles, and few grasses. Number 35 is slightly 
larger and has several small subdemes. The deme inhabits a cleared 
private pasture at 10,300 ft, which enjoys a southeastern exposure. 
The floral phenology is similar to that of areas 500 ft lower. The 
“Burn Area” contains large subdemes (#45d) which have colonized 
an extensive burned-over area. After 85 years, this soil still can 
support only scattered bushes ( Ribes lacustre and S ambucus sp .) 
and small, sparse patches of Festuca idahoensis , F. thurberi , Stipa 
columbiana , S. lettermani and Blepharoneuron tricholepis, which pro- 
vide good though discontinuous habitat for A. conspersa. However, 
the floral phenology is much delayed over that in other habitats and 
indicates continuous snow cover until 15 May or later. Demes in 
higher altitudes farther north have been indicated in some years 
by sighting one or two males, a female, or hearing some crepitations. 
Whether these are founding colonies which succeed only for a year 
or two is not known. In two of these cases they were found in old 
