316 
Psyche 
[December 
Chemical Pense. 
In ten of the twelve tests 
a broth made from meal-worms 
was used. 
In the remaining trials pyridine 
was substituted for 
the broth. 
Individual 
Positive 
Negative 
No response 
response 
response 
I . 
5 
0 
6 
2 . 
0 
4 
8 
3 
i 
i 
IO 
4- 
i 
3 
8 
5 - 
4 
4 
4 
6. 
0 
0 
12 
7 * 
0 
0 
12 
8. 
0 
0 
12 
9 - 
3 
I 
8 
Discussion. 
The larvae were numbered and a record kept of their be- 
havior. Almost daily, but not always at the same hour, each 
insect was fed a bit of meal-worm ( Tenebrio molitor) about three 
cubic mms. in volume. Every day the insects were stirred with 
a paper triangle on the end of a needle. The triangle had an 
area of about one square cm. It was at first presumed, because 
of the results of experiments indicating that these animals have 
some degree of memory, that learning would simplify the ex- 
periment; but in this case the larvae gave no evidence of as- 
sociating either a pleasant sensation with the food or an un- 
pleasant one with the triangles. Probably any tendency to form 
associations was inhibited by the complexities of the experiment. 
The above experiment is open to the objection that some 
chemical sense may have influenced the behavior of the larvae. 
Nine insects were tested by introducing into the water near 
them a broth made from meal-worms. This was introduced at 
all possible distances from, and all possible angles to, the insects. 
Some larvae moved their mandibles when surrounded by a dense 
cloud of the suspension; most of them seemed totally unaware 
of the presence of the liquid. This broth was a visible suspension, 
which probably accounts for the fact that larvae 1 and 9 extended 
their labia when it was introduced. They gave no response 
when their eyes were covered with asphaltum. 
