1926 ] 
The Affinities of Grylloblatta 
79 
discussion I would point out the evidences for this view afforded 
by a study of the head and its appendages in Grylloblatta. 
The head capsule of Grylloblatta as shown in Fig. 2, gives no 
support to the view of Imms, 1925, for example, who maintains 
that Grylloblatta is one of the Cursoria, since the head of Gryllo- 
blatta is very similar to that of the Orthopteron Gryllotalpa in 
its general outline, the position of the eyes the location of the 
antennae, and numerous other features. Gryllotalpa , however, 
and the other Grylloid Orthoptera have ocelli, so that in acking 
these structures, the head of Grylloblatta resembles that of certa'n 
Tettigonioid Orthoptera such as Ceuthophilus, as is also true of 
other features of the head in these insect . On the other hand, 
the head of Grylloblatta is not like that of such Cursoria as the 
Blattids, Mantids, etc. and the evidence from this sou ce would 
indicate that Grylloblatta is either a true Orthopteron, or possibly 
a relict of he extinct Protorthoptera-like ancestors o the 
Grylloids and Tettigonioids. 
In tracing the type of head capsule exhibited by the Gryllo- 
blattids to its prototypes in the lower Orthopteroids clustered 
about the base of the line of descent of the Orthoptera, it at once 
becomes evident that the head capsule of Grylloblatta is so like 
that of the Dermaptera that the head of Grylloblatta should be 
referred to as Dermapteroid or Forficuloid. Thus, in a typical 
Dermapteran head, there is a pale anteclypeus, like the region 
labelled ac in Fig. 2; the antennae are located near the bases of 
the mandibles, as in Fig. 2; the eyes are located far down the 
tempora (tm of Fig. 2); temporal sutures (ts of Fig. 2) demark 
the temporal regions tm from the parietal regions pa] the arms 
of the frontal suture fs are widespread as in Fig. 2; there are no 
ocelii present, and many other features of the Dermapteran head- 
capsule clear y indicate that the head of Grylloblatta (Fig. 2) is 
Dermapteroid. The evidence of the head-capsule would thus 
indicate that among the lower Orthopteroids, the Dermaptera 
are the next of kin of the Grylloblattids, and the correctness of 
this view is borne out by the evidence of the thoracic splerites 
and many other features. 
The head capsul of the Phasmids such as Timema approcah- 
es the Grylloblattid and Dermapteran type in most of the features 
