14 
Psyche 
[March 
Southward, through New South Wales, rain forest of (sub) tropical 
type diminishes in area and quality, and the Carabidae associated with 
it diminish too. Of the five genera just discussed, Leiradira may not 
extend south of the Dorrigo. T richosternus , Mystropomus , and Pam- 
borus go a little farther south, reaching different limits probably in 
this order, but do not reach Victoria. And N otonomus reaches Vic- 
toria (in numbers) and Tasmania (only one stock in rain forest). 
Toward their southern limits, all these genera, except Leiradira , occur 
not only in tropical-type rain forest but also in opener forest, and all, 
except again Leiradira , have entered or even evolved endemic species 
in south temperate rain forest on the Dorrigo-Ebor plateau and the 
Mt. Royal Range. 
Transition in Australia: North from Tasmania 
The ground-living Carabidae of the south temperate rain forest of 
Tasmania are dominated by or include flightless genera of four special 
tribes in addition to the more widely distributed Pterostichini, Licinini, 
etc. 
The tribe Broscini is well represented in both the north and the 
south temperate zones of the world (Ball 1956) but is absent in the 
tropics or nearly so. Some northern broscines have well developed 
wings, but I think that all those of the southern hemisphere have atro- 
phied wings and are flightless. Four genera occur in Tasmania. 
Promecoderus is represented there by several rain forest species and by 
other species that live in drier, opener woodland. The genus is widely 
distributed across southern Australia, but chiefly in dry forest and 
arid country, although one or two species occur in rain forest in 
Victoria. Of the other Tasmanian genera, Chylnus is confined to 
Tasmania, in wet forest. Per cosoma occurs in Tasmania and the 
mountains of southeastern Victoria, in wet forest. And Eurylychnus 
occurs in Tasmania, southern Victoria etc. including the Otway 
Ranges, and east and north into southern New South Wales, and two 
separate stocks of the genus have species isolated (chiefly in south 
temperate rain forest) on the Mt. Royal Range and the Dorrigo-Ebor 
plateau. The latter is the northern limit of wet-forest broscines in 
Australia. 
The tribe Trechini (subfamily Trechinae of Jeannel 1926-1928) 
Explanation of Plate 4 
Fig. 7. Diagram of transition of selected flightless geophile Carabidae in 
rain forests of eastern Australia. The 5 genera at bottom of the diagram 
are primarily tropical and subtropical ; the other genera and tribes, pri- 
marily south temperate. See text for further details. 
