1961] 
Carpenter — Caloneurodea 
149 
markings, as mentioned by Brongniart in his original description. 1 he 
main veins and most of the cross-veins are margined with dark pig- 
ment ; the veins appear to be very thick but careful examination of the 
wing shows that the actual veins are only of usual thickness. In 
addition, nearly all cells of the fore wing contain a dark, irregular 
pigment spot. The size of the spots varies in different wings but the 
pattern formed in the wing as a whole is fairly constant. The hind 
wings appear to be without both types of these markings ; at any rate, 
no specimens that can clearly be recognized as hind wings show them. 
In a few fossils some of the wings appeared blotched (as in the 
holotype, 36-5), but the extreme irregularity of this and its absence 
in other hind wings strongly indicates that it is the result of preserva- 
tion. 
Body structure: Very little is known of the body structure of 
dawsoni. Several specimens show fragments and portions of the 
thorax and four specimens (36-8, 36-9, 36-10, 36-11) include parts 
of the legs and antennae but the abdomen is entirely unknown. The 
legs are slender, nearly homonomous and apparently cursorial. The 
fore and middle legs are about 34 mm long and the hind legs, 45 mm 
long. The dimensions of the leg segments are given in Table 1. The 
tarsi of all three pairs of legs are about the same length. 
Femur 
Tibia 
Tarsus 
Fore leg 
12 mm 
1 0 mm 
12 mm 
Middle leg 
1 2 mm 
10 mm 
12 mm 
Hind leg 
18 mm 
15 mm 
12 mm 
Table 1. Dimensions of leg segments in Caloneura dawsoni Brongn. 
The femora and tibiae of the fore and middle legs are about the same 
length, but the hind femur and tibia are slightly longer than those of 
the other pairs. The antennae are obviously long and slender, though 
they are not completely preserved in any fossil. In specimen 36-10 
one antenna is preserved to the edge of the rock containing the speci- 
men ; the preserved part is 55 mm long, which is considerably in excess 
of the wing length. 
So far as known, therefore, the body structure of dawsoni is similar 
to that of the best-known Permian species, Paleuthy gramma tenui- 
cornis Mart, (see Martynov, 1938b, p. 126). 
Synonymy : As mentioned above, Brongniart figured in his R.e- 
cherches (1894) five speciments of dawsoni which were not known 
to him when he described the species in 1885. In 1919 Handlirsch, 
basing his conclusion on Brongniart’s illustrations, established four 
