1957] 
Adenuga — Ants and Ho?noptera 
25 
Family Margarididae 
I eery a purchasi (immature stages) 
Family Diaspididae 
Aspidiotus destructor (Signoret) 
Aonidiella replicata (Lindinger) 
Family Aphidae 
Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe) (alate and apterous, 
all immature stages) 
Family Flatidae ( ?) 
Genera and species undetermined (all immature states) 
The following genera of ants were found associated with mealy- 
bugs (Family Pseudococcidae) listed above: 
Subfamily Myrmicinae 
Crematogaster spp. — workers only 
(subgenus Sphaerocrema ) C. striatula, C. luctans > C. leneri, 
C. boxi. 
(subgenus) Crematogaster group. 
(subgenus) Atopogyne group — Crematogaster africana. 
Pheidole spp. ( megacephala being the most notorious). 
Macromisckoides , A topomyrmex, Cataulacus , Monomorium, 
Meranoplus, Xiphomyrtnex, T etramorium and Solenopsis. 
Subfamily Formicinae 
Oecophylla, A cantholepsis , Polyrachis and Camponotus. 
Subfamily Ponerinae 
Platythyrea 
The mealy bugs found in association with ants can be divided into 
two groups — those for which the association is obligatory and those 
for which it is facultative. Planococcoides njalensis , alone in the first 
group, is regularly attended by ants. The obligate nature of this 
association is not surprising; since the mealybugs have very short legs 
and are ovoviparous, they most probably depend on the ants for 
transportation from tree to tree. The other mealybugs on the above 
list are facultative and are only sometimes found with ants. They 
have longer legs and all are oviparous. 
Gascardia sp. (Coccidae) is regularly attended by Oecophylla 
longinoda, Crematogaster africana and Macromisckoides aculeata. 
On the other hand, the association of Icerya purchasi (Margarididae), 
Aspidiotus destructor and Aonidiella replicata (Diaspididae) with 
the same ants is facultative. 
