1975] 
Aspey — - Schizocosa 
175 
In extending the generality of leg waving display among immature 
lycosids, this study describes the ontogeny of leg wave display among 
immature S. crassipes and suggests a biological significance for the 
behavior. 
Methods 
The subjects were 64 immature S. crassipes. Thirty-two spiders 
(16 males and 16 females) were collected during early May, 
I 97 I- 73> as antepen- or penultimate instars from Stroud’s Run State 
Park, Athens Co., Ohio, USA. The remaining spiderlings were 
reared from laboratory-mated adults. These spiderlings were ob- 
served from egg case emergence (considered the second instar) until 
approximately 1 wk after dispersal from the female. For most 
spiderlings, one additional molt (to the third instar) occurred in 
the laboratory, but too few animals survived beyond this time to 
continue observations. However, observations continued until the 
final molt for those spiders collected as antepen- and penultimate 
instars in the field. Data are reported only for those individuals for 
whom sex was correctly established at the antepen- or penultimate 
instars. 
Six antepen- and penultimate spiderlings of each sex collected 
from the natural habitat and 12 laboratory-maintained spiderlings 
were isolated in covered clear plastic containers (12.5 X 7.0 X 7.0 
cm). One-half of these spiders were visually isolated, while the 
remaining containers were adjacent and allowed the spiders visual 
access to one another. Ten antepen- and penultimate spiderlings of 
each sex collected from the field were socially housed (sexes separate) 
in glass terraria (26 X 19 X 22 cm) fitted with plastic covers. 
Two groups of laboratory-maintained spiderlings (10 per group) 
were observed during their second and third instars. In order to 
observe these animals under the above conditions, spiderlings were 
brushed off the female’s abdomen with a camel hair brush. Ten 
individuals were then placed in an observation chamber identical to 
the one in which socially grouped antepen- and penultimate instars 
were maintained. At the conclusion of each observation period the 
spiderlings were returned to the female and allowed to regroup. 
After dispersal from the female began, two groups of 10 individuals 
were transferred to separate observation chambers until the third 
instar, at which age observations were terminated. 
The frequency ( i.e., bouts per 30 min) and duration of leg wav- 
ing were recorded for 30 min daily with a manually activated Ester- 
