50 
Psyche 
[Vol. 95 
Table 1. Comparison of ranks of individuals in groups after half the test period 
and at the end of the test, with Spearman rank correlation (r s ). Significance level (P) 
for one tailed test with a = 0.05 is shown. In this case, 1 indicates no change in ranks 
by individuals between the half way point and the end of the test period, and 0 
represents no agreement between those ranks. In the cases below, a significant corre- 
lation indicates agreement between ranks of individuals half way through the test and 
their ranks at the end. Dashes represent no movement by any individuals in that trial. 
First instar larvae of Group D did not move so no correlation coefficient could be 
calculated. 
Group 
Instar 
n 
r s 
P 
A 
1 
50 
0.641 
<0.001* 
2 
45 
0.821 
<0.001* 
3 
43 
0.559 
<0.001* 
4 
36 
0.739 
<0.001* 
5 
28 
0.577 
<0.001* 
B 
1 
50 
0.771 
<0.001* 
2 
41 
0.888 
<0.001* 
3 
40 
0.842 
<0.001* 
4 
37 
0.574 
<0.001* 
5 
35 
0.760 
<0.001* 
C 
1 
48 
0.876 
<0.001* 
2 
41 
0.851 
<0.001* 
3 
38 
0.686 
<0.001* 
4 
39 
0.933 
<0.001* 
5 
25 
0.476 
<0.006* 
D 
1 
50 
- 
- 
2 
34 
0.767 
<0.001* 
3 
35 
0.833 
<0.001* 
4 
33 
0.750 
<0.001* 
5 
26 
0.488 
<0.006* 
♦Indicates statistical significance. 
groups (Fig. 1). In the first and second instars, each group had many 
individuals that either did not move or only traveled short distances 
and a few individuals that moved relatively long distances (Fig. 1 A, 
B, C). In contrast, in the third through fifth instars, inequalities still 
occurred but with a few individuals traveling quite short distances 
and a few traveling far. 
But one group (D) exhibited a different pattern than the others. 
In 5 trials, none of the first instar larvae moved and thus there was 
no Gini coefficient, and in contrast to the other groups, only a few 
second instar larvae remained stationary (Table 5; Fig. ID). 
