1988] 
Carpenter — Gayellini 
239 
basin. This pattern does not correspond to that shown by the avi- 
fauna, for example Cracraft and Prum (1988), where southeastern 
Brazil is not closely related to a western Amazon/ trans- Andean 
clade. However, that study showed southeastern Brazil as a compos- 
ite area, implying either dispersal or differing ages for components 
of the regional biota. The latter factor may well explain the incon- 
gruence; Gayellini is an ancient group, since the Masarinae as a 
whole is gondwanian (Carpenter, 1981). 
Acknowledgments 
I am grateful to Arnold Menke and Abraham Willink for criti- 
cally reading the manuscript, and Mick Day for assistance at the 
British Museum. Amy B. Wright provided the habitus drawing. 
This research was supported by a Milton Fund grant and NSF grant 
BSR-850855 to the author. 
Summary 
The phylogenetic relationships of the gayelline wasps are investi- 
gated using cladistic methods. Paragayella is the sister-group of 
Paramasaris , and is synonymized with that genus. This taxon is the 
sister-group of Gayella. Cladograms are presented for the species in 
each genus, along with keys and distributional notes. 
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