BEAUTIES AND PRINCIPLES OF THE ART. 
57 
in many places, be old and irregular, with rough stems, 
and bark ; and pines, larches, and other trees of striking, 
irregular growth, must appear, in numbers sufficient to give 
character to the woody outlines. As, in the Graceful school 
the trees are planted singly, in open groups, to allow full 
expansion, so in the Picturesque school, the grouping takes 
every variety of form; every object should group with 
another ; trees and shrubs are often planted closely together ; 
and intricacy, and variety — thickets — glades — and under- 
wood — as in wild nature, are all indispensable. Walks and 
roads are more abrupt in their windings, turning off fre- 
quently at sudden angles, where the form of the ground, or 
some inviting object, directs. In water, all the wildness of 
romantic spots in nature, is to be imitated or preserved ; and 
the lake or stream with bold shore, and rocky, wood-fringed 
margin, or the cascade in the secluded dell, are the character- 
istic forms. The keeping of such a landscape will, of course, 
be less careful than in the graceful school. Firm gravel 
walks near the house, and a general air of neatness in that 
quarter, are indispensable to the fitness of the scene in all 
modes, and, indeed properly evince the recognition of art 
in all Landscape Gardening. But the lawn may be less fre- 
quently mown, the edges of the walks less carefully trimmed, 
in the picturesque mode. While in portions more removed 
from the house, the walks may sometimes sink into a mere 
footpath without gravel, and the lawn change into the forest 
glade or meadow. The architecture of the Picturesque 
school, is the Gothic mansion and old English cottage, or the 
Swiss, or some other bracketted form, with bold projection, 
deep shadows, and irregular outlines. Rustic baskets, and 
similar ornaments, may abound near the house, and in the 
more frequented parts of the place. 
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