EVERGREEN ORNAMENTAL TREES. 
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superb specimens of this species in various gardens of the 
middle states, 80 or 100 feet high. 
The Black, or Double Spruce, (A. nigra ,) sometimes also 
called the Red Spruce, is very common in the north ; and, 
according to Michaux, forms a third part of the forests of 
Vermont, Maine, New-Hampshire, as well as New Brunswick 
and Lower Canada. The leaves are quite short and stiff, 
and clothe the young branches around the whole surface ; 
and the whole tree, where it much abounds, has rather a 
gloomy aspect. In the favourable humid black soils of those 
countries, the Black Spruce grows 70 feet high, forming a 
fine tall pyramid of verdure. But it is rarely found in 
abundance farther south, except in swamps, where its growth 
is much less strong and vigorous. Mingled with other ever- 
greens, it adds to the variety, and the peculiar colouring of 
its foliage gives value to the livelier tints of other species of 
Pine and Fir. 
The White or Single Spruce, (A. alba,) is a smaller and 
less common tree than the foregoing, though it is often 
found in the same situations. The leaves are more thinly 
arranged on the young shoots, and they are longer and pro- 
ject more from the branches. The colour, however, is a 
distinguishing characteristic between the two sorts ; for 
while in the Black Spruce it is very dark, in this species 
it is of a light bluish green tint. The cones are also much 
larger on the White Spruce tree. 
The Hemlock Spruce, or, as it is more commonly called, 
the Hemlock , (A. canadensis ,) is one of the finest and most 
distinct of this tribe of trees. It is most abundantly multi- 
plied in the extreme northern portions of the Union ; and 
abounds more or less, in scattered groups and thickets, 
