332 
LANDSCAPE GARDENING, 
After having arranged the banks, reared np the islands ? 
and completely formed the bed of the proposed lake, the im- 
prover will next proceed, at the proper period, to finish his 
labours by clothing the newly formed ground, in various 
parts, with vegetation. This may be done immediately, if it 
be desirable ; or if the season be not favourable, it may be 
deferred until the banks, and all the newly formed earth, have 
had time to settle and assume their final forms, after the dam 
has been closed, and the whole basin filled to its intended 
height. 
Planting the margins of pieces of water, if they should be 
of much extent, must evidently proceed upon the same lead- 
ing principle that we have already laid down for ornamental 
plantations in other situations. That is, there must be trees 
of difierent heights and sizes, and underwood and shrubs of 
lower growth, disposed sometimes singly, at others in masses, 
groups, and thickets : in all of which forms, connection must 
be preserved, and the whole must be made to blend well to- 
gether, while the difierent sizes and contours will prevent 
any sameness and confusion. On the retreating dry hanks, 
the taller and more sturdy deciduous and evergreen trees, as 
the oak, ash, etc., may be planted, and nearer by, the difierent 
willows, the elm, the alder, and other trees that love a moister 
situation, will thrive well. It is indispensably necessary in 
order to produce breadth of effect and strong rich contrasts, 
that underwood should be employed to clothe many parts of 
the banks. Without it, the stems of trees will appear loose 
and straggling, and the screen will be so imperfect as to al- 
low a free passage for the vision in every direction. For this 
purpose, we have in all our woods, swamps, and along our 
brooks, an abundance of hazels, hawthorns, alders, spice 
woods, winter berries, azaleas, spireas, and a hundred other 
