EMBELLISHMENTS. 
437 
the jet of water proceeds, technically called the bore of the 
quill, ought to be four times less than the bore of the conduit 
pipe ; that is, the quill and the pipe ought to be in a quad- 
ruple proportion to each other. There are several sorts of 
quills or spouts, which throw the water up or down, into a 
variety of forms : such as fans, parasols, sheaves, showers, 
mushrooms, inverted bells, etc. The larger the conduit pipes 
are, the more freely will the jets display their different forms ; 
and the fewer the holes in the quill or jet, (for sometimes 
this is pierced like the rose of a watering pot,) the greater 
certainty there will be of the form continuing the same ; be- 
cause the risk of any of the holes choking up will be less. 
The diameter of a conduit pipe, ought, in no case, to be less 
than one inch ; but for jets of very large size, the diameter 
ought to be two inches. Where the conduit pipes are of 
great length, say upwards of 1000 feet, it is found advan- 
tageous to begin, at the reservoir or cistern, with pipes of a 
diameter somewhat greater than those which deliver the 
water to the quills, because the water, in a pipe of uniform 
diameter of so great a length, is found to lose much of its 
strength, and become what is technically called sleepy : 
while the different sizes quicken it, and redouble its force. 
For example, in a conduit pipe of 1800 feet in length, the 
first six hundred feet may be laid with pipes of eight inches 
in diameter, the next 600 feet with pipes of six inches in 
diameter, and the last 600 feet with pipes of four inches in 
diameter. In conduits not exceeding 900 feet, the same 
diameter may be continued throughout. When several jets 
are to play, in several fountains, or in the same, it is not 
necessary to lay a fresh pipe from each jet to the reservoir ; 
a main of sufficient size, with branch pipes to each jet, be- 
ing all that is required. Where the F conduit pipe enters the 
