turner] 
BRITISH ORNITHOLOGY 
597 
Wentworth, Turner in due course became a member of 
Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. 1529-30. 
He became a Fellow of his College in 1531, and its Senior 
Treasurer in 1538. It was in this latter year that he pub- 
lished his Libellus de re Herbaria. His M.A. degree he com- 
menced in 1533. How long he retained his Fellowship is 
uncertain. Dr. D. Jackson, who prefixed a Life to his edition 
of the Libellus (1877), thinks he may have held it until his 
marriage with Jane, daughter of George Ander, alderman of 
Cambridge. 
At Cambridge Turner was a contemporary of the famous 
J ohn Caius, founder of the college which bears his name, and 
also one of our earliest writers on natural history (his De 
Rariorum Animalium atque Stirpium Historia was published 
at London, 1570). It was probably during his residence at 
Cambridge that Turner first directed his attention to the 
study of birds ; while there, no doubt the fascination of the 
Fens fell upon him as it has fallen on many since his time, and 
it was in the Fens that many of his most valuable observations 
were made on birds which, then resident, are now only known 
as rare stragglers to this country. It seems unlikely that 
Turner could have devoted much time to natural history before 
he went to the University, as he himself informs us that he 
had never seen the nest of the Water Ouzel or Dipper, a some- 
what curious fact when we remember that he was a native of 
Northumberland. 
During his stay at Cambridge, Turner became an intimate 
friend of Nicholas 'Ridley (1500-1555), and of Hugh Latimer, 
Ridley’s fellow-martyr at the stake. From Ridley Turner 
received his first instruction in Greek, and, influenced by the 
teaching of the Reformers, he now embraced those religious 
views for which he laboured so zealously during the remainder 
of his life. Leaving his University, he travelled through a 
considerable part of England, preaching, and while at Oxford 
he was imprisoned for preaching “ without a call.” When 
“ at length being let loose, and banished, he travelled into 
Italy.” 
