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CAROLINIAN POPLAR. 
Diœcia polyandria. Linn. Amenlacæ. Joss. 
Pqpultis angulata. P. arbor maxima ; ramis acutangulis ; foliis deltoideis, 
serratis ; junioribus amplissimis, cordatis ; gemmis viridibus, non resinosis. 
The lower part of Virginia is the most northern point at which I have 
found this species of Poplar, and here it is less common than in the two 
Carolinas, in Georgia and Lower Louisiana. It grows of preference on the 
marshy banks of the great rivers which traverse these States, and is pecu- 
liarly abundant on the Mississippi, from the ocean to the mouth of the 
Missouri, and along the Missouri for 100 miles from the junction of these 
streams, which, in following their windings, is a distance of 1500 miles. 
In the swamps, the Carolinian Poplar is accompanied by the Cypress, Large 
Tupelo, Red-flowering Maple, Water Hickory, Over-cup Oak, Cotton 
Wood and Cotton Tree. Among the numerous species of Poplar found 
in the United States this is one of the most remarkable for its size, being 
sometimes 80 feet high, with a proportional diameter and an expansive 
summit, garnished with beautiful foliage. 
The leaves, from the moment of their unfolding, are smooth and brilliant, 
but they differ widely in conformation, at different ages of the plant ; on 
sprouts and young stocks they are 7 or 8 inches long, as much in breadth 
in the widest part, heart-shaped and rounded at the base, with the princi- 
pal ribs of a reddish color ; on trees exceeding 5 or 6 inches in diameter 
and 30 or 40 feet in height, they are only one fourth as large, particularly 
on the higher branches, and their base is nearly straight, and at right angles 
with the petiole. These leaves are thin, smooth, of a fine green tint, 
marked with yellowish nerves and edged with obtuse teeth, which are finer 
towards the summit and coarser near the base. The long petiole com- 
pressed in the upper part renders them easily agitated by the wind. 
On sprouts and young stocks the annual shoots are very thick, distinctly 
striated and of a green complexion spotted with white ; on branches of the 
second, third, and even of the seventh or eighth year, the traces of the 
furrows are still observable : they are indicated by prominent red lines in 
the bark terminating at the insertion of the young shoots, which ultimately 
disappear -with the growth of the branches. This character belongs also to 
the Cotton Tree ; but, besides the difference of their general appearance, 
the two species are distinguished by their buds ; those of the Carolinian 
