1984] 
Aiello — Genus Adelpha 
11 
FINAL INSTAR LARVAE 
Final instar larvae (Figures 4 & 5) of all species studied have 
several things in common. The head (Figure 2) has a spiny 
appearance owing to the numerous chalazae which frame the face. 
These seem to be fairly constant in number and position (Figure 3) 
and to vary from species to species mainly in their relative size. A. 
iphicla for example has a relatively smooth face because it lacks 
several of the chalazae found in other species. A. phylaca and 
especially melanthe are the spiniest in appearance due to numerous 
additional setae. Color and pattern also vary: A. celerio has a 
striped face, A. basiloides and A. cocala patterned ones. The pits of 
A. cytherea are darker than the rest of the face; the head of A. 
salmoneus is reddish and constrasts strongly with its green body. 
Each body segment bears three pairs of scoli (subdorsal, supra- 
spiracular, and subspiracular); there are no dorsal scoli. While the 
scoli are variable in form and length, in all species studied, those of 
the prothorax and abdomen- 1 are either very short or are reduced to 
a few spines. Usually the longest are the subdorsal scoli of meso- 
and meta-thorax and abdomen-2, -7 & -8, and the supraspiracular 
scoli of the meso-thorax. In many species the subdorsal scoli of 
abdomen-2 are the most distinctive in form and often are curved 
backwards. 
Body scoli are diverse but the various forms can be grouped into 
two main types: those which are terete (round in cross-section), and 
those which are flattened. 
The terete scolus, in its simplest form, is a short stalk with 3-5 
spines radiating star-like from its apex (e.g., 5 scoli A3-6 of A. 
celerio, cytherea, salmoneus, and justina ). More complex scoli are 
slender and longer with spines at intervals along their full length, 
and either with one to a few ascending spines towards the apex 
(thoracic scoli of many species, e.g., A. phylaca, melanthe, cocala, 
basiloides, cytherea, justina, salmoneus ), or with 3-5 radiating 
apical spines (e.g., scoli of A3-6 in A. phylaca, melanthe). Scoli also 
may be short and thick with a dense covering of spines (e.g., A2 of 
A. cocala, leucophthalma, basiloides ), or be club-shaped and more 
sparsely spined (e.g., A8 of basiloides). 
throughout the remainder of this paper, “scolus(i)” refers to the subdorsal set unless 
otherwise noted; T = thorax, thoracic segment; A = abdomen, abdominal segment. 
