1987] 
Goodloe & Topoff— Social parasitic ant 
297 
Results 
Table 3 shows that the number of pupae surviving in the mixed 
nests was significantly less than the numbers surviving in the free- 
living F. schaufussi colonies (t = 7.40, df = 8, p < .0005). Since all 
colonies were on the same diet as those used in Experiment 1, and 
were satiated at the time of the experiment, these results suggest that 
captured pupae have a particular importance as a food source in the 
mixed colonies. Unlike the myrmicine raiders studied by Alloway 
(1982), the presence of these slave-makers appears to induce con- 
sumption of the alien pupae by the slaves. 
Experiment 3: Interspecific Pupae Exchange 
Methods and materials 
A large colony of P. lucidus, with F. schaufussi slaves, 
was collected during the summer of 1984 and subjected to two 
cooling induced cycles of reproduction. In March of 1985 the colony 
was divided into five smaller, queenless colonies: P5A contained 
100 slaves and 26 raiders; P5B, 100 slaves and 12 raiders; P5C, 100 
slaves and 25 raiders; P5D, 100 slaves and 50 raiders; and P5E, 
100 slaves and 100 raiders. In addition, a colony (S) consisting of 
200 workers from a freee-living F. schaufussi colony was used for 
comparison. 
Table 3. Pupae acceptance: free vs. parasitized slave species colony 
Free Living 
^Surviving 
Enslaved 
^Surviving 
Colony 
# Workers 
Pupae 
Colony 
# Workers 
Pupae 
F18 
94 
21 
P3 
150F* 
120P** 
5 
F56D 
82 
23 
P4 
140F 
15 
40P 
F76 
110 
24 
P5(l) 
415F 
9 
44P 
F15 
643 
22 
P5(2) 
100F 
8 
100P 
F32 
781 
23 
F70 
100 
21 
Mean 
22.333 
9.25 
* F = F. schaufussi workers 
** P = P. lucidus workers 
t = 7.40; df = 8; p < .0005 
