204 
Psyche 
[June 
on the foliage, the spider was chased from the prey with a soft 
brush to determine if the prey item was attached to the substrate 
and if the spider returned to the prey. S. crassipes and S. saltatrix 
were fed plant bugs (Miridae), thirty to forty bugs being placed 
in each terrarium. Multiple captures of up to six prey occurred, 
which should have stimulated prey-wrapping (ibid.). 
Sod (with vegetation intact) from the habitat of L. rabida was 
placed in a 0.5 X 0.26 X 0.3 m high glass terrarium and brought 
into the laboratory. After prey were captured in the home cage 
of an individual of this species, the spider was coaxed onto the 
grass of the terrarium, where it came to rest, still holding its prey. 
Observation periods for prey-wrapping studies lasted 2 hr. 
Results. — Prey transport was common in all four species and 
usually occurred before the prey were immobile. Immobile prey 
occasionally were transported from the ground into the foliage 
by all species except S. crassipes. Spiders transported prey with 
the chelicerae and walked with the body raised up; nevertheless, 
large prey often dragged on the ground. 
None of the species used silk to immobilize the prey. In the 
two Lycosa spp., females exhibited from one to five separate bouts 
(and males only one bout) of post-immobilization wrapping dur- 
ing the 2-hr observation period in response to single large prey 
and multiple captures of small prey. While L. punctulata wrapped 
in a counter-clockwise direction, L. rabida wrapped 65.3% of the 
time in a clockwise direction. L. rabida held prey in the chelicerae 
during the first wrapping bout for an average of 1.6 ± 1.21 revolu- 
tions. Consequently, as the spider wrapped, the prey beneath 
it pivoted around with the spider. The spider then released the 
prey and continued to pivot above it for the rest of the bout. Hold- 
ing the prey in this manner while wrapping rarely occurred during 
subsequent bouts, only appearing if those bouts were preceded 
by excessive prey manipulation with the palps, and never lasted 
as long as it had in the original bout. L. punctulata never held 
prey in this manner while wrapping. Other details of wrapping 
resembled the description of Rovner and Knost (1974) and are 
provided in Greenquist (1975). Wrapping never occurred in S. 
crassipes (four females, nine males) nor S. saltatrix (fifteen females, 
nine males). 
L. rabida was examined under the semi-natural conditions of a 
terrarium containing field sod. Here, with the spiders holding 
