1976] 
Silberglied & Aiello — Defensive Adaptations 
257 
Figure 1. Hammaticherus batus: antennal defense. A, note antennal spines 
on segments 3-6; B, spine of segment 3, enlarged; C, spine in use: the beetle pulls 
its head downward, setting the spines in the skin and drawing blood (arrow) from 
the forefinger, [scale, 1C = 1 cm.] 
