1978] 
Valentine & Glorioso — Grooming in Diplura 
195 
they also clean the lateral edge of the body, the styli, and the cerci 
with the body curled laterally. Cereal grooming techniques appear 
to be very diverse and are more controlled by position and substrate 
irregularities than by a stereotyped program. For example, the cerci 
can be held by Li, or by Li+i, or by Li+ 2 , in each case the remaining 
ipsilateral legs are under the cercus; other variants involve L 3 raised 
out of the way, L 2 raised out of the way, and the cercus positioned 
over all three ipsilateral legs. Body cleaning in japygids extends at 
least from the mesonotum or mesosternum to the cerci, including 
dorsal, lateral, and ventral surfaces; during cereal grooming, the 
mouth can work the outer margin of a forceps from base to apex, 
around the tip, then the inner margin to and across the anal area, 
and out the inner margin of the contralateral forceps to its tip; the 
far outer margin is not groomed until the insect straightens and 
bends to the opposite side. In Dipljapyx Pages (1967) reports that 
the thoracic legs hold the abdomen when the body is tightly curved 
to clean from the mesothorax to the fifth abdominal segment. 
rubbing. Involves progressive contact of body parts with each 
other or with the substrate. In Diplura, all rubbing is of low 
frequency. 
Antenna- Foreleg Rub. The fore tarsus or tibia is used to rub the 
dorsal surface of the ipsilateral antenna. This occurs in Campodea 
where the movement is confined to the basal antennal segments, and 
is sometimes combined with and precedes Antenna Clean, assisted. 
Head-Foreleg Rub. In Campodea, the fore tarsus is used to rub 
the venter of the head and the mouthparts; in Dipljapyx, Pages 
describes head capsule rubs but does not indicate the areas involved. 
Head-Midleg Rub. Also in Campodea, a midleg is used to rub 
the venter of the head. 
Head-Substrate Rub. Dipljapyx was observed rubbing the labial 
region of the head on the substrate with a sideways motion. 
Body-Midleg Rub. In Metajapyx, the midleg is used to rub the 
dorsal and lateral surfaces of the thorax. 
Body- Midleg- Midleg Rub. Also in Metajapyx, this is the bilat- 
eral version of the previous movement, both midlegs rubbing 
different thoracic regions simultaneously. 
Body-Hindleg Rub. In Metajapyx, the hindleg is occasionally 
used to rub the dorsal or lateral surfaces of the thorax. Body Rubs 
can be combined, for on one occasion the thorax was rubbed 
