22 
Psyche 
[Vol. 90 
tip of the prothorax. Fore and hind wings overlap. Only the costal 
area of the fore wing is visible, but most of the hind wing venation is 
visible under close scrutiny. 
Gerarus reductus YPM 35. Specimen examined. Obverse and 
reverse halves. This is an unusual specimen in that two wings are 
preserved in the same concretion, but nothing suggests that they 
necessarily belong to the same specimen — or even to the same spe- 
cies. The specimen is badly fractured into four distinct pieces, and 
the two wings appear to be in different bedding planes. Handlirsch 
(1911) described the two wings as fore and hind wings of the same 
species, but expressed reservations concerning their generic assign- 
ment. I am convinced that these wings do not belong to the same 
specimen but believe instead that they are both hind wings belong- 
ing to different species. The specimen that Handlirsch (191 1:315, fig. 
20) considered to be a fore wing is here designated the lectotype of 
G. reductus and it is herein synonymized with G. danielsi. The 
specimen that he interpreted as the hind wing of G. reductus 
(191 1:314, fig. 19) undoubtedly is a hind wing, but not sufficiently 
well preserved to warrant family determination and it is placed here 
in Protorthoptera incertae sedis. 
Gerarus longus USNM 38822. Specimen examined. Obverse and 
reverse halves. Fore and hind wings overlap but the venation is very 
similar to that of the holotype of G. danielsi: RS is pectinate, with 
five branches, and M is deeply cleft. Also the prothorax, although 
badly preserved, does have spines, two of which are visible on the 
left side. This, plus the size of the specimen (fore wing measures 
approximately 55 mm, hind wing 44 mm) warrants synonymy of G. 
longus with G. danielsi. 
Gerarus angustus USNM 38811. Specimen examined. Obverse 
half only. This is a poor specimen: all four wings overlap, and the 
fossil has been weathered so the venation is only barely visible. 
Nevertheless, in my opinion, the overall size of the specimen (fore 
wing length is 55-57 mm) and the swollen prothorax justify its 
synonymy with G. danielsi. Certainly it displays no unique charac- 
ters by which it may be distinguished as a separate species. 
Genopteryx constricta USNM 38148. Specimen examined. This 
species was originally assigned to the Geraridae by Scudder (1885), 
but later transferred by Richardson (1956) along with Rossites 
inopinus (see below) to the Caloneurodea. Having examined both 
