1983 ] 
Buschinger & Francoeur — Symmyrmica 
301 
a) After an artificial wintering, four S. chamberlini specimens of 
colony no. 3 were isolated with 5 pupae of the Leptothorax species. 
Honey and freshly killed Drosophila were provided. However, the 
chamberlini did not survive. Two agonizing chamberlini, almost 
without movement, were returned to the Manica mutica artificial 
nest arena. The Manica workers immediately brought them into the 
nest, and licked them all over. A few hours later, the two chamber- 
lini could feebly walk. Next day, they were running normally in the 
nest and its arena, having completely recovered. When an appar- 
ently dead chamberlini was offered to mutica workers, they put it in 
the refuse heap confirming its death. Trophallactic exchange be- 
tween chamberlini nestmates was never seen, but only one was 
noted between chamberlini and mutica. 
b) The larvae and pupae of colonies no. 2 and 3 were put into a nest 
together with 20 workers of the Leptothorax species mentioned 
above. One chamberlini worker hatched, but died (or was killed?) 
after two weeks. Chamberlini larvae survived an artificial hiberna- 
tion from 27 October to 1st December 1982. They were easily distin- 
guished from the Leptothorax larvae which developed from worker- 
laid eggs: the chamberlini larvae are much hairier. 
After the hibernation, the colony raised numerous alate Lepto- 
thorax males, but no chamberlini. The chamberlini larvae vanished 
one after the other. 
c) About 20 workers and intermorphs of colony no. 2 were placed 
together with 25 white and brown worker pupae and a few larvae of 
the Leptothorax species on 1st September, 1982. After one week, 
the first Leptothorax workers had hatched, and \2 chamberlini were 
still alive. Among them an intermorph which had lost the right 
antenna seemed to become fertile. This specimen, later on, was 
observed several times to lay an egg. Together with a second inter- 
morph it was still alive on 12 April, 1983. 
The first, comparatively long-shaped eggs of chamberlini ap- 
peared three weeks after the beginning of the experiment. Adult 
chamberlini often fought with each other, possibly in order to elimi- 
nate supernumerary reproductives. Some of the victims of these 
fights were dissected, when they were not too much decomposed. In 
addition, not only inseminated intermorphs but also ordinary 
workers died rapidly. After the hibernation (cf. section b), only two 
chamberlini intermorphs were alive, among them the one with only 
