1983] 
Buschinger, Winter, & Faher — Myrmoxenus 
339 
on September 12, the queen was dead on September 17, 
and one surviving Myrmoxenus female was observed to bite the 
large queen larvae of the host species. 
Experiments with L. parvulus (Schenck 1852) as host species did 
not succeed; the Myrmoxenus queens were all killed. 
Slave Raids of Myrmoxenus gordi acini 
We observed two slave raids of one Myrmoxenus colony, on June 
24 and July 7, 1982. The colony was collected in September, 1981. 
After an artificial hibernation from 12 December 1981, in a constant 
6°C until 22 April 1982, the colony began to bring up its larvae. The 
first prepupae appeared on 4 June, six weeks after the end of hiber- 
nation, the first worker and sexual pupae were recorded on 1 1 June. 
Sexuals hatched towards mid-July, after the raids, and sexual 
activity was observed in the beginning of September. A second 
colony, which was kept under identical conditions, exhibited some 
scouting activity between June 4 and 25, but did not conduct a raid. 
The first colony was put into an arena on 4 June. Simultaneously 
a colony of the host species, L. lichtensteini, was placed into another 
part of the arena, which was subdivided by a plastic wall. 
No Myrmoxenus workers were seen outside the nest until 22 
June. 
On June 23 and 24, between one and three Myrmoxenus workers 
appeared in the arena. Scouting occurred between 1000 and 1500 on 
June 23. On June 24, a hole in the separating wall of the arena was 
opened, and a Myrmoxenus scout found the way through to the 
host species territory at 1740. At 1754 this scout ran across the 
liehtensteini nest. It returned to the Myrmoxenus nest, entered there 
at 1804, and suddenly a mass of ants was whirling around inside the 
nest entrance. 
At 1808, a file of about 20 Myrmoxenus came out of the nest 
(Fig. 2) and walked across the arena towards the hole. Sometimes 
the procession stopped, milling around, apparently until the leading 
scout had found its way again. 
At 1905 the group had reached the entrance of the target nest, 
and entered it one after the other. Almost no fighting could be 
observed. After 6 minutes, the liehtensteini queen and most of the 
workers had left their nest, carrying a few small larvae and eggs. 
Only two Leptothorax were stung. Some Myrmoxenus workers 
