60 Psyche [Sept.-Dee. 
types and identified specimens. The two collections between 
them contain specimens of nearly half of all the described spe- 
cies and varieties. 
Following Forel’s example we have disregarded a number of 
inadequately described forms, mostly those of F. Smith. ForeFs 
viewpoint on Smith’s work is given in the following quotation: 
“F. Smith hat eine grosse Anzahl Arten dieser Gattung 
(Pseudomyrma) moeglichst oberflaechlich, fast ausschliesslich 
nach der bei den verschiedenen Individuen ungemein variie- 
renden Farbe beschrieben. Es folgt daraus, dass die Mehrzahl 
seiner Arten unentwirrbar ist. Was bis jetzt entraetselt werden 
konnte ist von Mayr, Emery und mir klargestellt worden. Den 
Rest muss man ignorieren, oder man muss auf die Beschreibung 
und Neubenennung von Pseudomyrmaarten verzichten. Ich 
will nun das erstere tun.” 
Emery, 1895-1897, Zool. Jb. Syst., expresses similar views. 
Forel however can not be absolved from adding to the diffi- 
culties of the systematics of Pseudomyrma. He described a 
very large number of new forms, mostly subspecies and varie- 
ties, based on minute differences, but failed to arrange his and 
the previously described forms and integrate them into a sys- 
tem. He was able to do this only because of his remarkable 
knowledge, which prevented him from making mistakes and 
duplications. 
Emery in his catalogue (Gen. Ins. 1921-23) made some at- 
tempt to arrange the known forms of Pseudomyrma which at 
his time of writing numbered nearly two hundred. He split the 
genus into three groups: gracilis , tenuis and divers, only one of 
which — gracilis — was characterized by him. 
In the present account we have divided Pseudomyrma into 
five branches and each of the branches into numerous groups 
wherever possible. The terms “branch” and “group” were 
chosen deliberately and are employed in the same sense in which 
Emery used the term group, to denote a classificatory category 
which can not be sharply characterized, i.e., where there are too 
many intergrades to permit the use of such terms as genus or 
subgenus. 
This paper contains the descriptions of a number of new 
Pseudomyrma which the late W. M. Wheeler had named and 
labelled as types and cotypes, but whose descriptions have not 
been published. Professor Brues and Professor Banks have 
