118 Psyche [Sept.-Dee. 
cally. The occurrence of yet a fourth process has been noted 
only in a limited number of forms (e.g. in the Lycsenidse like 
patterns of certain Riodinidae). 
Having retained a certain vitality even after it has been 
formed (or owing to an extension of the wing membrane in the 
termen) the first macule splits, i.e ., the distal part stretches and 
snaps off and then a fissure is formed, within which very often 
the neutral ground undergoes an auroral andor structural differ- 
entiation. In certain species where the general process started 
very early (e.g. in Tomares ) a splitting occurs too in the second 
macule of the interspace (and the resulting fissure is also differ- 
entiated aurorally from the ground, or, e.g. in Cosmolyce 
boeticus Linn. (Catochrysopince) is filled with white structural 
scales). 
Thus the difference we see in the position of the same macule 
when comparing two specimens is really a matter of different 
limits attained by the sequence of initial rays. In comparing 
specimens, however, the eye sees those differences as the result 
of the actual “movement” of this or that macule distad and 
this is a true impression, inasmuch as a macule is formed at 
different limits of the distally progressing infuscations. On the 
other hand, the white cretule capping a semimacule proximally 
(and produced not only by a gradual draining of the ground on 
the part of the first macule but also by the force of the stretch 
attending the splitting of the latter), is not at all “growing 
basad” as one is tempted to see it in some forms: in direction of 
growth and in shape it adheres to the general standard, for it 
should be noted that the essential shape of a macule and its halo, 
of a semimacule and its cretule, of an interval and its aurora, of 
a prseterminal mark and its scintilla, is obovate, sagittate, cor- 
date, arcuate, with the wider part directed distad; this 'outline 
repeats that of a sessile macule which in its turn conforms to the 
shape of the apex of the cell; or in other words, the shape of any 
of these markings renders macrocosmically the shape of each 
distally broadening scale and microcosmically the general fan- 
wise expansion of the wing and its cells, and is influenced in de- 
tails of outline and direction by the apical andor cubito-anal 
development of the termen (alone the ciliary markings, lying as 
they do beyond the membrane of the wing, point distad). I see 
no trace or possibility of the basally directed development of 
