122 Psyche [Sept.-Dee. 
shape, and when this difference exists the wing of one individual 
may look rounded and that of another angular though actually 
both are high-angled (the tips of Cu x and Rs being connected 
by the same scale line in both). In the circular shapes, found 
in stunted specimens, sc.l.Cui abuts at M 2 , practically coincid- 
ing with the termen and thus cutting off no segment at all. In the 
forewing the variations are less conspicuous but there is gen- 
erally some correspondence between the wings since in high- 
angled forms the forewing is apt to be “pointed,” i.e., with the 
scale line which connects the tips of M 3 and R 4 cutting off a 
larger segment (about ten scale lines in a “rounded” forewing 
and about twenty in a “pointed” one). Short forewings (where 
the proportion between breadth and length is less than five to 
four) and long forewings (when more than five to four) may 
have, together with difference in shape, a certain significance in 
subspecific values. It may be added that there is a certain con- 
nection between shape (i.e. vigor of growth in termen) and color 
(vigor of pigmentation). A low-angled shape is generally asso- 
ciated with weakly pigmented undersides, and these are gen- 
erally strongly pigmented in races with high-angled hindwings. 
II. Ground. 
Upperside, both sexes: ranging from neutral fuscous or weak 
brown to blackish. Costa in hindwing above Sc of a scaly neutral 
fuscous still weakened by the addition of colorless or very 
faintly iridescent scales. In a few female forms, with greatly 
developed upperside aurorae (see VIII 4), the fuscous ground 
may be intermixed with sparse auroral scales (the beginning of 
a brightening of the ground which in both sexes of Plebulina 
is well on the way to complete predominance, as occurring in 
Lyccenince) . 
Underside, both sexes: ranging from fawn to brownish; or 
from white (colorless scales completely covering some, or all, 
neutral ground areas) to whitish fawn; or producing a greyish 
or bluish effect due to the even admixture of colorless or faintly 
iridescent scales with a more or less developed ground pigmen- 
tation. Occasionally the veins and the vein scars appear marked 
in a lighter shade. The forewing is generally of a slightly more 
diluted and smoother tone than the hindwing, and in one and 
same race the ground of the female is generally slightly richer 
than that of the male. 
