124 Psyche [Sept.-Dee. 
resents the neural thickening of) the (4) vadum. 11 a linear or 
more extensive marginal space of pigmented ground, from apex 
to tornus, between the limbal limit of the overlay and the ter- 
men, at its narrowest reproducing the terminal line of the under- 
side, apically turning into the delicate (5) costal vadum of the 
forewing, merging with the distally fuscous Sc area ((6) sub- 
costal vadum) of the hindwing, distally connected with the 
vadosal fringe q.v., and with the outer triangles q.v. and proxi- 
mally (in the hindwing) often joined more or less thickly by 
means of an (7) interneural vadosa with the (8) insula proper 
(as differing from (9) insula Rs II and (10) insula RM) which 
is a frequently occurring, more or less isolated, roundish blotch 
or point of conspicuous fuscous repeating in all or some inter- 
spaces the corresponding praeterminal mark q.v. of the under- 
side (also, but usually faintly, macule Rs II, and in some cases, 
mainly in females with strong overlay and mainly in forewing, 
macule RM), and sometimes appearing as a blacker spot within 
the vadum when the latter is extensive enough to surround it, 
but not sufficiently dark to merge with its pigmentation. 
V. Scintillant elements. 
1. The scintillant pulvis : structural scales more or less ex- 
tensively dusting with metallic greenish blue (in strongly pig- 
mented forms) or turquoise (in weakly pigmented or white 
forms) the ground at the base and in the anal interspaces of the 
underside; mainly in hindwing; sometimes quite absent or re- 
duced to a few scales next to the body. Upperside : confined to 
the dorsum and to the proximal and posterior part of the sub- 
costal interspace of the hindwing and intergrading there with 
the main overlay; in a few female forms, occurring also on the 
upperside of the forewing where it clothes the costa and lines 
the veins discally ( i.e ., more or less corresponding to the distri- 
bution of short white hairscales in the male) ; consisting there 
of rather coarse scales of a dull turquoise tone suggesting “dead” 
parts of the cyanic overlay. 
2. The scintilla : 12 a variable number of scintillant scales 
more or less thickly and evenly grouped, overlaying the pigment 
n “fuscous border,” “bordure noire,” “Distal Rand,” “terminal border,” “kraie- 
vaya polosa,” “marginal streak,” etc., of authors. 
12 Possibly remnants of a dense scintillant pulvis which had covered the whole 
of the hindwing, completely swamping all its markings, at some period in the 
evolution of the Lycaenidae, as it still does in certain Asiatic species of Albulina, 
