1944] Genus Lycoeides 127 
infuscated, ranging in shade from drab or pale fawn to brown- 
ish; completely pigmented or in part, i.e ., only proximally or 
only distally and then either from tornus to apex throughout, or 
only along a limited section of that range. 
7. V ado sal fringe: consisting of rather short pigmented 
hairscales rooted in the vadum, upperside, and thus doubling 
basally the terminal cilia of the underside; usually equal to 
4 s.L; tending towards the fuscous of the vadum from which 
sometimes it may be almost indistinguishable to the naked eye. 
Viewed in cross-section the short dark vadosal fringe (rooted 
in the still darker vadum) is seen to overlay the long white 
underside cilia (rooted in the distal edge of the terminal line) 
to about 2/5 of their length. The very slight jutting of the dark 
hairscales of the terminal line just beyond the rim of the mem- 
brane forms a kind of prop for the base of the ciliary hairs 
which thus are encased between it and the vadosal fringe. If 
the cilia are viewed from the under surface by the naked eye, 
an illusory more or less dark ciliary line seems to run along the 
middle of their transverse stretch: this is due, first, to the cilia 
abruptly losing their quilted appearance at 2/5 of their length 
where the edge of the upperside vadosal fringe stops, and sec- 
ond, to minute portions of this edge being discernible in be- 
tween the white ciliary hairs, as they become less dense distally. 
If, moreover, the distal part of the cilia on the underside hap- 
pens to be infuscated and if this infuscation begins at just over 
2/5 of the length distad, then on the upperside too there is a 
similar illusion of a ciliary line (but of a light one this time), 
due to a narrow stretch of unpigmented cilia showing between 
the distal infuscation and the edge of the dark vadosal fringe 
which shuts off most of the white basal part of the underside 
cilia. My abundant material has not proved the occurrence of 
a true ciliary line in Lycoeides , i.e ., of an actual infuscation of 
each ciliary hair only at its middle, or of shorter hairs (among 
the longer ones) infuscated only at the very tips. 
VII. Terminal submarkings of underside. 
1. The terminal line: edging the termen proximally with 
more or less dense fuscous from about the middle of i.Sc. in 
secondaries, and from the tip of R 4 in primaries, to the tornus; 
consisting of very short distally directed hairscales (which very 
slightly jut beyond the termen), and in its interspatial aspect 
